Prevalence and Risk Factors of Splenic Trauma in Qazi Husain Ahmad Hospital, Nowshera

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess splenic trauma's prevalence and its contributing variables among patients presenting with blunt abdominal trauma to the surgical emergency department at Qazi Husain Ahmad Hospital Nowshera.

Material and methods: The study was conducted in the surgical wards of Qazi Husain Ahmad Hospital Nowshera between January 2020 and December 2021 and was cross-sectional and retrospective. Patients older than 11 or six hospitalized due to abdominal trauma were included. After receiving permission, a thorough medical history was taken, emphasizing the incident that led to the injury. Imaging results and surgical findings were used to assess each patient for splenic trauma. Age, gender, domicile, injury sources, and the existence of splenic damage were collected using a self-made proforma. SPSS version 22 was used for the statistical analysis.

Results: Out of 125 cases with abdominal trauma, 30 (23%) were deemed to have splenic damage. Most of the 30 people who participated in the study were between the ages of 20 and 32 (47%) and 31 and 40 (33%). Most of the 22 were male (74%), while just 08 were female (25%). The most prevalent cause of splenic trauma was a car accident (52%), followed by a fall (20%), a knife wound (18%), and a gunshot wound (13%).

Conclusion: According to the study's results, 23% of patients with abdominal trauma also suffered splenic injuries, most of whom were young men. Two of the most prevalent contributing causes were involved in these deaths: road traffic accidents (RTA) and falls from height.