Assessment of Osseo integrated Dental Implants With CBCT: A Prospective Study

Abstract

Background:  Accurate evaluation of osseointegration in dental implants need detailed radiographic analysis of anatomic structures as well as pathological conditions.  CBCT is most reliable three dimensional radiographic techniques in implant imaging.

Aim: This study was carried out with an objective to carry out role of CBCT in assessment of osseointegration in dental implants.

Materials and methods:  The patients having requirement of replacement of missing teeth as well as extraction of completely non restorable teeth reporting to the outpatient department were included in the study. Written informed consent was obtained from the study subjects and clearance was obtained from the ethical committee before commencement of the study. Sixty patients were included in the study.  Some measurements were carried out using digitalized orthopantomograph within seven days of implant placement. These measurements were as follows: Distance (in mm) from the apical region of implant upto the bony layer around the implant. Height (in mm) of bone at the alveolar crest.  Crestal bone height was evaluated at distal as well mesial aspect of the implants along the implant edges. Same measurements were carried out with CBCT using advanced software called “Blue Sky Plan” within seven days of insertion of implant. These measurements were again carried out three months later of implant placement.

Results: When analysis was carried at apical portion in CBCT then the length of bone formed at one week was 0.378± 0.0.076 mm and after three months 0.341± 0.054mm. The difference was statistically significant.( p≤0.03). On evaluating crestal bone height at mesial side in CBCT the crestal bone height at one week was 3.936 ±0.723 mm while the value was 3.865±0.746 mm at three months after placement of implants. On evaluating crestal bone height at mesial side in CBCT the crestal bone height at one week was 3.725 ±0.695 mm while the value was 3.865±0.686 mm at three months after placement of implants.

Conclusion:  The conclusion drawn from the current study was that CBCT can be useful radiographic technique for the assessment of osseointegrated implants but the duration of evaluation should be upto six months. More studies should be carried out in future with larger sample size and longer follow up.