Recent Treatment lines of Toxoplasmosis

Abstract

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide parasitic disease infecting about one third of humans, with possible severe outcomes in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Despite continuous and successful efforts to improve diagnosis, therapeutic schemes have barely evolved since many years. Current chemotherapeutic options for toxoplasmosis are limited nevertheless a concerted effort in the last decade to discover new chemicals, including natural products, with anti-Toxoplasma activity or to repurpose or improve existing, approved drugs. The recommended first-line treatment for toxoplasmosis is a combination therapy based on pyrimethamine(PYR), sulfadiazine (SDZ), drugs that act synergistically by targeting two steps in folic acid metabolism. Other therapies combine pyrimethamine with clindamycin, azithromycin or atovaquone, or trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. Though, all treatments are commonly related with adverse side effects and toxicity