Exploring the Bidirectional Link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Mechanisms, Shared Risk Factors, and Management Strategies.

Abstract

Background: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are two prevalent medical diseases that often combine and have complex relationships. The bidirectional association between CKD and LUTS is explored in this article, along with hypothesized underlying processes, common risk factors, and practical therapeutic approaches. This paper attempts to give a more precise knowledge of the interactions between these illnesses by concluding a thorough research carried out at the Department of Urology, MTI, LRH Peshawar, comprising 200 patients from February 2021 to February 2022.

Methods: The study, which took place in the Department of Urology, MTI, LRH Peshawar, from February 2021 to February 2022, was planned as an observational cross-sectional study. The research included 200 patients in total using convenience sampling. Patients were included if they met the criteria for a verified chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis and had lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Patients with additional severe comorbidities that could interfere with the connection between CKD and LUTS were not allowed.

Results: A total of 200 individuals, including 80 women and 120 men, were included in the research. The age distribution was 60 years old (10.2 SD). The patients had a variety of CKD stages, with stages three and the prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) being the most common. 160 (80%) of the participants said they had LUTS in varying degrees. Urinary frequency (60%) and urgency (45%) were the three most frequently reported symptoms, followed by nocturia (40%). Male participants had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms, contributing to discomfort associated with voiding.

Conclusion: Thanks to the selected observational cross-sectional design, we thoroughly evaluated the bidirectional link between Chronic Kidney Disease and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms among 200 patients at the Department of Urology, MTI, LRH Peshawar. We sought insights into the intricate interactions between these disorders through medical history reviews, clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and validated questionnaires. The study's results will advance knowledge of the processes, common risk factors, and treatment options for those struggling with CKD and LUTS.