An Overview about Mesenchymal stem cells and Liver Fibrosis

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most widely used in stem cell-based regenerative therapy as they have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into many different cell types of a diverse range. The beneficial properties of stem cells therapy come from their tissue repair effect by cellular differentiation and their ability to secrete different trophic factors that exert a favorable impact on the damaged tissue. Also, the therapeutic potential of (MSCs) in the treatment of different diseases is predominantly based on their immunosuppressive properties, and their ability to secrete various trophic factors. This potential has been proven and investigated in various clinical and preclinical studies. For the existing resources of mesenchymal stem cells, there are two main issues should be taken in consideration regarding cell therapy; the first is the source from which the cells are isolated and the second is cell donor type. Liver fibrosis is defined as excess deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to various liver damages such as viral hepatitis [hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV)], alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), autoimmune hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and cholestatic liver diseases