An Insight about Treatment Lines of Trichinella. Spiralis Infection

Abstract

Trichinella. spiralis was first discovered in 1835 by an English first-year medical student called James Paget. However the parasite was named and published in a report by his professor, Richard Owen, who is now credited for the discovery of the T.spiralis larval form. The global burden of Trichinella infection is increasing due to difficulty of treatment. This difficulty depends on limited activity of the specific drugs against the migrating and encysted larvae. The early treatment of the infection may help prevent the establishment of the parasites in the skeletal muscles. The administration of efficacious anthelmintic drugs at the stage of intestinal invasion is remarkably important to obtain a better outcome. One of the first drugs used was mebendazole, and various antiparasitics such as albendazole, currently their use is little as none of these drugs are fully effective against  the encysted or newborn larvae of T.spiralis. Also, they were poorly water soluble and highly lipophilic drugs and consequently, they can exhibit unfavorable bioavailability after oral administration, leading to variable degree of oral absorption. Nitazoxanide, ivermectin, quinfamide, have been evaluated in experimental models being effective.