Medicolegal Aspect of Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) still represents the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals under the age of 45 years in the world. Numerous experimental and clinical analyses of biomechanical injury and tissue damage have expanded the knowledge of pathophysiological events which potentially serves as the basis to define new or refine established treatment strategies. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is usually caused by motor vehicle accidents, falls and assaults. „ TBI can be classified based on severity (mild, moderate or severe) mechanism (missile or blunt) and pathology (primary or secondary. Of all regional injuries, those of the head and neck are the most common and most important in forensic practice. These are the reasons of this dominance of head injuries. Significantly increased risk of mortality, the secondary complications of traumatic brain injury (TBI) must be recognized early and managed appropriately. Conditions such as spasticity, venous thromboembolism, paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity, neuroendocrine dysfunction, heterotopic ossification, nutritional deficits, and sleep disturbances can all negatively affect functional outcomes and community reintegration.