Brief overview about IL-1beta(IL-1β) and IL1receptor antagonist (IL1-Ra) and their Possible correlation to Immune Thrombocytopenia in Children

Abstract

Among genetic factors, polymorphisms in inflammatory cytokine genes, human leukocyte antigen, Fcγ receptors, and tumor necrosis factor are related to ITP. IL-1 is known to be a strong proinflammatory cytokine with multiple biological effects. Since IL-1 was implicated as an important factor for cellular proliferation, it has been reported that IL-1B polymorphisms contributed to the susceptibility of developing gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. The genes that encode IL-1α and IL-1β are located side by side on chromosome 2. In ITP, IL-1 may be involved in the stimulation of megakaryocytopoiesis, regulation of platelet production, and generation of autoantibodies. It was found that the presence of allele-II of IL-1Ra led to 1.75-fold increase in the probability of ITP development. They also found that both hetero and homozygous types of genotypes of IL-1Ra are associated with ITP.