Genetic Evaluation of Exotic Wheat Material for Yield and Yield Related Components

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple food which includes 60% of the daily diet of common man and is growing on large agriculture land of Pakistan, with per capita consumption of about 125 kg per annum. In wheat producing country, Pakistan ranks at 10th position throughout the world. On the basis of importance of wheat, the present research will be conducted to check the performance of exotic 262 SAWSN wheat germplasm with local commercial verities (Faisalabad 2008, Punjab 2011, Galaxy 2013). All exotic and local wheat material was sown during November, 2016 in augmented design. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the best performing breeding lines for plant traits such as days to heading, days to maturity, spike length, plant height, number of spikes per plant, grains per main spike, peduncle length, total biomass/ line, 1000 grain weight, total grain yield per plant and harvest index. The collected data was subjected to statistical analysis for evaluation of wheat breeding lines in comparison with local checks by using software SPAD (Statistical Package for Augmented Design). The result indicated that the mean value of spike length 41.10, 43.20 and 41.53 were observed for Faisalabad-08, Galaxy-13 and Punjab-11 respectively. Grain per spike varied from 43 to 15. Findings supported the genetic variability presence for harvest index traits in present genetic stock and it could be good source of genes for improvement of harvest index trait in wheat lines. The correlation of total grain yield was negative but significant with harvest index. From the research, our findings of research data, cluster distance among two genotypes observed less than distance among cluster. The highest variance and mean value among the traits in the entire cluster is exhibited by total grain weight (TGW). Harvest Index% had minimum variance and mean value among the traits for all clusters. Difference of Eigen value of PC1 and remaining PC’s was recorded higher.