Etiological Factors for Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Its Recurrence as a Cause of Stress Urinary Incontinence: An Update Review

Abstract

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are worldwide problems that affect the quality of life of millions of women. Although mortality is rare due to this health issue, it has been shown that self-perception of the body is significantly affected in those with symptoms.  SUI and POP share a pathophysiology that is complex in nature. Intrinsic factors including genetics, age, postmenopausal status and ethnicity. Extrinsic factors including parity, history of prior hysterectomy, co-morbidities and employment. Overall, regardless of the initial cause, prolapse often symptomatic is caused by an anatomical flaw in the endopelvic fascial layer. Understanding this different pathophysiology theories is essential for providing effective treatment for these entities. The aim of the present study was to review the etiological factors for POP and its recurrence as a cause of SUI.