Controlling Mass/Heat Transfer and Optimizing the use of Thermal Energy to Ensure Lighting in the Greenhouse using Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Greenhouse cultivation has been undergoing significant development for several years in order to cope with an increasingly competitive market conditioned by stringent quality standards. Greenhouse production systems become considerably sophisticated and therefore disproportionately expensive. That is why, the greenhouses who want to remain competitive, must optimize their investment by a greater control of the conditions of production. In order to make full use of the increased possibilities for crops, it is necessary to adjust the state of the system automatically. Better management of climatic parameters under glass makes today a major challenge on a global level. This is particularly true in the field of agriculture. Greenhouse systems need to be modernized and more oriented towards the use of new cropping techniques and appropriate automatic devices. To improve profitability, crops must be grown in optimal environments. It is therefore important to control air temperature, humidity, CO₂ content ... etc. All these factors must be considered in the energy balance, since each of them can influence others. Advances in computing, including the ever-increasing capabilities of computers, have contributed significantly to the automatic control of climate processes. Computer-aided management has become an indispensable tool in the study of climate in greenhouses. It contributes to improving the climatic conditions for greenhouse cultivation. But above all, it is the only rational way to predict climate change under glass. The improvement of the latter concerns the structure of the greenhouse, the choice of cover, the choice of the site and the bioclimatic stage.  The growth of the sheltered plant depends on the temperature of the indoor air in the greenhouse maintained in the shelter. Among the means of controlling the climate in the summer, the ventilation of greenhouses plays a key role in reducing the temperature of the greenhouse and in winter, heating of greenhouses is also important, The temperature inside the greenhouse. The thermal performance of the greenhouse is also to be taken into account, the insulation, thermal storage and heating equipment can be of interest to implement. The present study in this article is part of a contribution to the development of serri-culture and aims to develop new strategies for controlling climatic parameters of greenhouse and our work aims to control the Light using artificial intelligence by modeling a fuzzy Mamdani method controller using MATLAB Simulink software.