Comparative Biodiversity and Antibiotics Sensitivity Analysis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Diabetic and Control Group

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar (glucose) levels that result from defects in insulin secretion, or its action, or both.Diabetes mellitus (DM) type II is caused by the failure in beta-cell role and insulin-resistance. This study aimed to comparatively identify and antibiogram analysis of bacterial pathogens associated with Urinary tract infection (UTI) of type II diabetic and healthy individuals. Among total samples (200), 41(20.5%) were positive for bacterial infections, 34 (34%) were positive in diabetic patients and only 07 (7%) were positive in non-diabetic healthy individuals. The most common bacterial isolates from diabetic patient were Escherichia coli 15 (44.11%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus 12 (35.29%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 02(5.88%), Klebsiella spp. 03(8.82%)and Proteus spp were 02(5.88%) while among healthy control, E.coli 04(57.14%) and S. aureus 03(42.85%) were determined to be associated with UTI. Furthermore, the diabetic patients were also screened for viral hepatitis by immune chromatographic technique (ICT). A total of 05(5%) samples were found positive, among them 02(2%) were HBS Ag positive and 03(3%) with anti-HCV respectively. Antibiotics i.e. Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Amikacin, Sulfamethoxazole, Clarithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Moxifloxacin, Streptomycin and Tigecycline were evaluated against bacterial isolates. Among antibiotics Amikacin (93.33%),Ciprofloxacin (80%)proved effective while Amoxicillin (93.33%) and Streptomycin (73.33%) were found in active against Staphylococcus aureus. P. aeruginosa isolates were found susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Amoxicillin, however, relatively low activity was observed for the Amikacin, Clarithromycin, Ceftriaxone, Streptomycin, and Tigecycline.Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin, Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin were comparatively effective than Ceftriaxone, Sulfamethoxazole Streptomycin against UTI isolates of Klebsiella spp. Isolates of Proteus spp from UTI were found comparatively more susceptible towards Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone and levofloxacin. E. coli isolates proved relative resistant towards Sulfamethoxazole, Streptomycin and Tigecycline. These finding highlight the importance of controlling glycemia in diabetic patients to reduce the UTI regardless of age and gender.