Comparison of Double Lumen Tube Versus Single Lumen Tube with Bronchial Blockers for One Lung Ventilation in Thoracic Surgery. A Prospective Study.

Abstract

Background

The surgeries involving the thoracic surgeries require one-lung ventilation (OLV) to provide the best surgical exposure. The commonly used two methods include Double Lumen Tube (DLT) and Single Lumen Tube (SLT) with Bronchial Blocker (BB). The study will compare the effectiveness, complications, and patient results between these two techniques of OLV.

Objectives

 The study aims to compare the efficacy, complications, and clinical outcome of Double Lumen Tube (DLT) with the Single Lumen Tube (SLT) with Bronchial Blocker(BB) in the process of One- lung Ventilation during thoracic surgery.

Methodology

 This was a prospective study Conducted at department of  Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Lady Reading Hospital MTI Peshawar Pakistan from jan 2020 to March 2020. 100 adult patients who had undergone thoracic surgery and needed OLV. The participants were randomly divided into the DLT group and the SLT +BB group. As the different parameters, the time of intubation, the quality of oxygenation, and the rate of complications (e.g., sore throat, tube migration), intraoperative stability were evaluated. There was also an analysis of data on oxygen saturation, arterial blood gases, and post-operative complications. Continuous variables were analyzed using a t-test, whereas categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square with a p-value of less than 0.05.

Results

 The study found no significant difference in oxygenation levels and lung collapse between the two groups (p = 0.32). However, intubation time was significantly shorter in the DLT group (5.2 ± 1.5 minutes) compared to the SLT+BB group (7.4 ± 2.1 minutes), with a p-value of 0.001. Complications such as sore throat were more common in the DLT group (24%) compared to the SLT+BB group (10%) (p = 0.04). Tube displacement was more frequent in the SLT+BB group (14%) compared to the DLT group (6%), though this was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Hemodynamic stability was similar across both groups, and recovery was quicker in the SLT+BB group with less airway irritation (p = 0.03). was 60. plus 10 years.

Conclusion

 One-Lung Ventilation with Bronchial Blocker (BB) and Double Lumen Tube (DLT) is effective in thoracic surgery. DLT is quicker to intubate and lung isolation is more dependable, but leads to higher rates of airway trauma and sore throat. SLT+BB is less complicated with regard to challenging airway cases, though there is still tube displacement.