Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Breast Cancer Prevention among Nursing Students

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cause of death among females, it is incidence becomes in increasing. It is frightening for women as it affects all ages so that promoting awareness about breast cancer causes and the screening program can help in reduction of morbidity and mortality among females. Aim of the study: the aim of this study was to assess the effect of educational intervention based on health belief model on breast cancer among female nursing students. Subjects and Methods: Research Design: Aquazi -experimental design with pre/ post assessment was used in the current study Setting : The study was conducted at Technical Nursing Institute at Zagazig University, Zagazig city at Elsharkia Governorate . Subjects:  the data was collected from 180 female  students during the academic year 2022-2023. Tools of data collection: three types of tools were used for data collection (1) An interview questionnaire (2) student's Knowledge regarding breast cancer and breast self-examination, (3) Health Belief Model (HBM) regarding Breast Self-Examination. Results: revealed that The mean age  of students was 18.63±0.723years old, the present study demonstrated that   (20.6%) of studied female students had good knowledge about breast cancer  at pre intervention phase, while this percentage increased to 88.3%& 80.0% respectively, at post and follow up intervention. the current study revealed that   there was statistically significant difference of studied female students regarding the total health belief model (HBM) for breast cancer &BSE  throughout pre/ post-intervention phase (P= 0.000**).. Conclusion:  The results of present study supported the research hypothesis that there is marked an improvement in knowledge, health beliefs toward breast cancer compared to before applying educational program Recommendations:  Continuing breast cancer preventive program for students to improve their awareness. Several instructional handout &brochures should be distributed to female students containing preventive measures of BC &steps of BSE.